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Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (45 of 2023) · 358 sections · 1 parts

Part 20

CHAPTER XX

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Section 1

Short title, commencement and application

Section 2

Definitions

Section 3

General explanations

Section 4

Punishments

Section 5

Commutation of sentence

Section 6

Fractions of terms of punishment

Section 7

Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple

Section 8

Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc

Section 9

Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences

Section 10

Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which

Section 11

Solitary confinement

Section 12

Limit of solitary confinement

Section 13

Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction

Section 14

Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law

Section 15

Act of Judge when acting judicially

Section 16

Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court

Section 17

Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law

Section 18

Accident in doing a lawful act

Section 19

Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm

Section 20

Act of a child under seven years of age

Section 21

Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding

Section 22

Act of a person of unsound mind

Section 23

Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will

Section 24

Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated

Section 25

Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent

Section 26

Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit

Section 27

Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian

Section 28

Consent known to be given under fear or misconception

Section 29

Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused

Section 30

Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent

Section 31

Communication made in good faith

Section 32

Act to which a person is compelled by threats

Section 33

Act causing slight harm

Section 34

Things done in private defence

Section 35

Right of private defence of body and of property

Section 36

Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc

Section 37

Acts against which there is no right of private defence

Section 38

When right of private defence of body extends to causing death

Section 39

When such right extends to causing any harm other than death

Section 40

Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body

Section 41

When right of private defence of property extends to causing death

Section 42

When such right extends to causing any harm other than death

Section 43

Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property

Section 44

Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person

Section 45

Abetment of a thing

Section 46

Abettor

Section 47

Abetment in India of offences outside India

Section 48

Abetment outside India for offence in India

Section 49

Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment

Section 50

Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor

Section 51

Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done

Section 52

Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done

Section 53

Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor

Section 54

Abettor present when offence is committed

Section 55

Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life

Section 56

Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment

Section 57

Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons

Section 58

Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life

Section 59

Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent

Section 60

Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment

Section 61

Criminal conspiracy

Section 62

Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment

Section 63

Rape

Section 64

Punishment for rape

Section 65

Punishment for rape in certain cases

Section 66

Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim

Section 67

Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation

Section 68

Sexual intercourse by a person in authority

Section 69

Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc

Section 70

Gang rape

Section 71

Punishment for repeat offenders

Section 72

Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc

Section 73

Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission

Section 74

Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty

Section 75

Sexual harassment

Section 76

Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe

Section 77

Voyeurism

Section 78

Stalking

Section 79

Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman

Section 80

Dowry death

Section 81

Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage

Section 82

Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife

Section 83

Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage

Section 84

Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman

Section 85

Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty

Section 86

Cruelty defined

Section 87

Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc

Section 88

Causing miscarriage

Section 89

Causing miscarriage without woman's consent

Section 90

Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage

Section 91

Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth

Section 92

Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide

Section 93

Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it

Section 94

Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body

Section 95

Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence

Section 96

Procuration of child

Section 97

Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person

Section 98

Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc

Section 99

Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc

Section 100

Culpable homicide

Section 101

Murder

Section 102

Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended

Section 103

Punishment for murder

Section 104

Punishment for murder by life-convict

Section 105

Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder

Section 106

Causing death by negligence

Section 107

Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind

Section 108

Abetment of suicide

Section 109

Attempt to murder

Section 110

Attempt to commit culpable homicide

Section 111

Organised crime

Section 112

Petty organised crime

Section 113

Terrorist act

Section 114

Hurt

Section 115

Voluntarily causing hurt

Section 116

Grievous hurt

Section 117

Voluntarily causing grievous hurt

Section 118

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means

Section 119

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act

Section 120

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property

Section 121

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty

Section 122

Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation

Section 123

Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence

Section 124

Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc

Section 125

Act endangering life or personal safety of others

Section 126

Wrongful restraint

Section 127

Wrongful confinement

Section 128

Force

Section 129

Criminal force

Section 130

Assault

Section 131

Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation

Section 132

Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty

Section 133

Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation

Section 134

Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person

Section 135

Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person

Section 136

Assault or criminal force on grave provocation

Section 137

Kidnapping

Section 138

Abduction

Section 139

Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging

Section 140

Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc

Section 141

Importation of girl or boy from foreign country

Section 142

Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person

Section 143

Trafficking of person

Section 144

Exploitation of a trafficked person

Section 145

Habitual dealing in slaves

Section 146

Unlawful compulsory labour

Section 147

Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India

Section 148

Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147

Section 149

Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India

Section 150

Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war

Section 151

Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power

Section 152

Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India

Section 153

Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India

Section 154

Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India

Section 155

Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154

Section 156

Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape

Section 157

Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape

Section 158

Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner

Section 159

Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty

Section 160

Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof

Section 161

Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office

Section 162

Abetment of such assault, if assault committed

Section 163

Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman

Section 164

Harbouring deserter

Section 165

Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master

Section 166

Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman

Section 167

Persons subject to certain Acts

Section 168

Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman

Section 169

Candidate, electoral right defined

Section 170

Bribery

Section 171

Undue influence at elections

Section 172

Personation at elections

Section 173

Punishment for bribery

Section 174

Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election

Section 175

False statement in connection with an election

Section 176

Illegal payments in connection with an election

Section 177

Failure to keep election accounts

Section 178

Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes

Section 179

Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes

Section 180

Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes

Section 181

Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes

Section 182

Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes

Section 183

Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government

Section 184

Using Government stamp known to have been before used

Section 185

Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used

Section 186

Prohibition of fictitious stamps

Section 187

Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law

Section 188

Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint

Section 189

Unlawful assembly

Section 190

Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object

Section 191

Rioting

Section 192

Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed

Section 193

Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place

Section 194

Affray

Section 195

Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc

Section 196

Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony

Section 197

Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration

Section 198

Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person

Section 199

Public servant disobeying direction under law

Section 200

Punishment for non-treatment of victim

Section 201

Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury

Section 202

Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade

Section 203

Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property

Section 204

Personating a public servant

Section 205

Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent

Section 206

Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding

Section 207

Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof

Section 208

Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant

Section 209

Non-appearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023

Section 210

Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it

Section 211

Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it

Section 212

Furnishing false information

Section 213

Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it

Section 214

Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question

Section 215

Refusing to sign statement

Section 216

False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation

Section 217

False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person

Section 218

Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant

Section 219

Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant

Section 220

Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant

Section 221

Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions

Section 222

Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance

Section 223

Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant

Section 224

Threat of injury to public servant

Section 225

Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant

Section 226

Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power

Section 227

Giving false evidence

Section 228

Fabricating false evidence

Section 229

Punishment for false evidence

Section 230

Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence

Section 231

Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment

Section 232

Threatening any person to give false evidence

Section 233

Using evidence known to be false

Section 234

Issuing or signing false certificate

Section 235

Using as true a certificate known to be false

Section 236

False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence

Section 237

Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false

Section 238

Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender

Section 239

Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform

Section 240

Giving false information respecting an offence committed

Section 241

Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence

Section 242

False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution

Section 243

Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution

Section 244

Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution

Section 245

Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due

Section 246

Dishonestly making false claim in Court

Section 247

Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due

Section 248

False charge of offence made with intent to injure

Section 249

Harbouring offender

Section 250

Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment

Section 251

Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender

Section 252

Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc

Section 253

Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered

Section 254

Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits

Section 255

Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture

Section 256

Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture

Section 257

Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law

Section 258

Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law

Section 259

Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend

Section 260

Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed

Section 261

Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant

Section 262

Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension

Section 263

Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person

Section 264

Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for

Section 265

Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for

Section 266

Violation of condition of remission of punishment

Section 267

Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding

Section 268

Personation of assessor

Section 269

Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court

Section 270

Public nuisance

Section 271

Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life

Section 272

Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life

Section 273

Disobedience to quarantine rule

Section 274

Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale

Section 275

Sale of noxious food or drink

Section 276

Adulteration of drugs

Section 277

Sale of adulterated drugs

Section 278

Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation

Section 279

Fouling water of public spring or reservoir

Section 280

Making atmosphere noxious to health

Section 281

Rash driving or riding on a public way

Section 282

Rash navigation of vessel

Section 283

Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy

Section 284

Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel

Section 285

Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation

Section 286

Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance

Section 287

Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter

Section 288

Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance

Section 289

Negligent conduct with respect to machinery

Section 290

Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc

Section 291

Negligent conduct with respect to animal

Section 292

Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for

Section 293

Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue

Section 294

Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc

Section 295

Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child

Section 296

Obscene acts and songs

Section 297

Keeping lottery office

Section 298

Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class

Section 299

Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs

Section 300

Disturbing religious assembly

Section 301

Trespassing on burial places, etc

Section 302

Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person

Section 303

Theft

Section 304

Snatching

Section 305

Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc

Section 306

Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master

Section 307

Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft

Section 308

Extortion

Section 309

Robbery

Section 310

Dacoity

Section 311

Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt

Section 312

Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon

Section 313

Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc

Section 314

Dishonest misappropriation of property

Section 315

Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death

Section 316

Criminal breach of trust

Section 317

Stolen property

Section 318

Cheating

Section 319

Cheating by personation

Section 320

Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors

Section 321

Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors

Section 322

Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration

Section 323

Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property

Section 324

Mischief

Section 325

Mischief by killing or maiming animal

Section 326

Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc

Section 327

Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden

Section 328

Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc

Section 329

Criminal trespass and house-trespass

Section 330

House-trespass and hous-ebreaking

Section 331

Punishment for house-trespass or house-breaking

Section 332

House-trespass in order to commit offence

Section 333

House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint

Section 334

Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property

Section 335

Making a false document

Section 336

Forgery

Section 337

Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc

Section 338

Forgery of valuable security, will, etc

Section 339

Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine

Section 340

Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine

Section 341

Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338

Section 342

Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material

Section 343

Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security

Section 344

Falsification of accounts

Section 345

Property mark

Section 346

Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury

Section 347

Counterfeiting a property mark

Section 348

Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark

Section 349

Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark

Section 350

Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods

Section 351

Criminal intimidation

Section 352

Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace

Section 353

Statements conducing to public mischief

Section 354

Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure

Section 355

Misconduct in public by a drunken person

Section 356

Defamation

Section 357

Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person

Section 358

Repeal and savings

Select a section for procedure, offence, punishment, and linked petition formats. Drafting reference only—not legal advice.

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